A Short Sweet Guide to the History of Zanzibar

Zanzibar has one of the richest histories in East Africa. For you to better understand it, it is like a mosaic – A mix of cultures, travellers, merchants and explorers who shaped the island into what it is today.

A Story of Cultures

For centuries, Zanzibar was a meeting point between Africa, Arabia, India and Persia. This blend created the music, the food, the architecture and even the languages spoken today. And today we want to share it with you: 

Key Moments

The Spice Era

During the 18th and 19th centuries, Zanzibar became one of the world’s most important spice producers.

Cloves, nutmeg, vanilla and cinnamon transformed the island into a global trading hub.

Many plantations still exist today, and you can visit them to see how everything grows naturally by doing the famous “Spice Tour”.

And of course, the island’s nickname “The Spice Island” comes from this time.

The Dark History of the Slave Market

Zanzibar was once a centre for the East African slave trade. Today, the Anglican Cathedral stands where the market used to be, as a memorial to the people who suffered there. A place of remembrance and reflection. Visiting it helps travellers understand the island’s emotional past.

The Omani Influence

The Sultanate of Oman moved its capital to Zanzibar in the 19th century, leaving a huge cultural footprint — from palaces to trade routes.

In the 19th century, the Sultan of Oman moved his capital to Zanzibar. This period left a huge cultural footprint and shaped the island in many ways:

• Palaces

• Arab-inspired architecture

• Trade routes

• The use of Swahili as a cultural language

This influence is especially visible in Stone Town.

Independence and Union With Tanzania

Zanzibar gained independence in 1963, experienced a political revolution in 1964 and later united with Tanganyika to form the modern country of Tanzania. This explains why Zanzibar has its own identity but is still part of Tanzania.

Why Zanzibar’s History Feels So Alive Today

Walking through Stone Town or visiting local villages makes you realise something beautiful: Zanzibar’s history isn’t just in books — it lives through its people, traditions, food and music.

Every scent of clove in the air, every carved wooden door in Stone Town, every melody floating from a taarab singer carries a piece of the stories that built this island.

And that’s the magic of Zanzibar: a place where past and present hold hands.

When you walk its streets or relax on its beaches, you’re not just visiting a destination…you’re stepping into a living story that continues to grow with every traveller who falls in love with it.

Welcome to Zanzibar — a place that stays with you long after you leave.